Coke-oven.



N0. 740, O78. PATENTED SEPT. 29, 1903.

T. VON BAUER.

COKE OVEN.

'APPLIOATION FILED Jun}: 20, 1903.

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' BATENTED SEPT. 29, 1903 T. VON BAUER, 00KB OVEN. urmonxqn rum: 1mmzo",mm.

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No. 740,078. PATENTED SEPT. 29, 1903.

T. VON BAUER.

COKE-OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 20, 1903.

H0 MODEL. 6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

vihlcmqo Nb. 740,078. I PATENYTED SEPT. 29, 1903. T. VON BAUER.

00KB OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 20, 1908. I0 MODEL. 8 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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T. VON BAUER.

COKE OVEN.-

AIPPLIOATIQK FILED JUN}? 20, 1903.

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,T. VON BAUER.

COKE OVEN. APPLICATION r'nnn JUNE 20, 1903.

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l atented September 29, 1903.

LPATENT OFFICE.

THEODOR VON BAUER, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

COKE-OVEN.

sescmcnmres i'ormin'gpart or Letters Patent No; 740,078, dated September29, 1903.

' Application filed June 20, 1903. erial No. 162,364. (No model.)

, To ail t'uhom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THEODOR VON BAUER, Ph. D3, a citizen of the Empireof Germany, residing in Berlin, in the Empire of Germany,

have invented certain new and useful Im- I provements in Coke-Ovens, ofwhich the folincreased durability is obtained without the" use of thelarge number of twyers which are used in modern constructions ofcoke-ovens and which lead to waste of gas and complicated regulation;and the invention consists of a coke-oven of the constructionhereinafter shown and described and which is provided with differentappurtenances by which the oven can be run directly or indirectly with ahand-supply'or directly or indirectly with a mechanical supply of coal.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a verticallongitudinalsection of my improved coke-oven on three different plans on lines'A B,O D, and E F, Fig. 2. Fig.

2 is a vertical transverse section taken on. Fig. 3 is a vertilines G Hand I K, Fig. 1. cal longitudinal section of a modified form ofconstruction on the planes L M and N 0, Fig. 4. Fig. I is 'a verticaltransverse section on lines P Q and-R S, Fig. 3.. Figs. 5, 6, and 7 arehorizontal sections, respectively, on lines T U, Figs. 1 and 3, V W,Fig. 3, and V W, Fig. 1. Fig. 8 is a horizontal section through. thedistributing-channel on line X Y, Figs. 1 and 3. Fig. 9 is a verticaltransverse section through a battery of four adjacentcoke-ovens, drawnon a larger scale and serving to illustrate the four different methodsof using the ovens. Figs. 10, 11, 12, '13, and 14 show the differentblocks and stories employed for clos-.

ing the charging-shafts of the ovens according to the different methodsof using the same, and Fig. 15 is a perspective view-of a modified formof sole-plate used in connection with the ovens.

Simillar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

\ furnaces. the condensers is supplied through twyers e.

A group or battery of coke-ovens I II III IV are arranged sidewise ofeach other and provVided at their arched top portions with shafts F forcharging them, said shafts being closed by covers X at their upper ends.The charging-shafts F are connected by lateral channels f" with thelongitudinal distributingflues a, which are located between said shaftsand above the return-gas flue b, so that the gas can be conducted fromthe distributingfiues a to the returngas lines I) and from the latterinto the vertical fines m. When the ovens are fired with return-gas, thelateral channels f in the charging-shafts F are closed by blocks B andat the same time the distributing-fines a above the return-gas fiuesclosed by means of sliding dampers d, as shown in Fig. 8, so that theclosing is a twofold one. Below the dues a and b the gas-combustion duesand air-supply pipes are the same whether the ovens are used with adirect or indirect supply of gas. The different closing devices permitat any time and without any changesof construction the conversion of theovens from direct to indirect supply, and vice versa, sothat the ovenscanbe used, as desired, as flame-ovens or as gas-ovens.

The location of the return-gas fiues b below the distributing-fines ahas for its object to preventthe overheating of the upper portions ofthe ovens, so as to obtain the highest possible yield of tar andammonia.

From the return-gas flues the gases are conducted bytwyersc to thevertical combustionflues m 'and fromthesame to the sole-channels belowthe'ovens and from there into the main draft-channel connected with theboiler- The return-gas which comes from into the return-gas flues b,said twyers being located in the front and rear walls of the battery, soas to be easily and convenientlyregu- 'lated, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3at V W and and V W.

The supply. of. air is accomplished in the following manner: The air isfirst taken up by four large arched foundation-channels L, which areconnected, by small vertical chan nels K, with the cooling-channels,Figs. 1 and 3, T U, the channels K being provided with slides g on thecrowns of the channels L.

"in Fig. 10) are employed.

The air after circulating in the cooling-channels is subjected to apreliminary heating in the same and then conducted, by means of theair-pipes K which are arranged in the partition-walls between the ovens,through small openings at into the heating-fines m, the air beinghighlyheated in the pipes K and drawn below the entrance of the gases into thesaid flues. The main regulation is accomplished by means of slidingdampers located in the sole-channels below the ovens in the usualmanner. The gas-supply channels and airsupply pipes are comparativelyshort and are arranged on the counter-current principle,

the gases being conducted from the upper toward the lower part of thefines m and the air from the lower toward the upper part of thesupply-pipes K until they are brought in contact and mingled together atthe small supply-openings n of the combustion-fines m.

The arched tops of the ovens of each battery, as well as the front andside walls of the same, are closed and without any other openings thanthose required for the charging-shafts F and the inlet-openings for thegas-twyers e and the steam-twyers. (Shown in Figs. 1 and 3, line X Y.)In addition thereto each oven is provided with a shaft for drawing offthe gases when used with an indirect supply. Any excess of gas which isobtained with a direct supply can, as the upper distributing-channelsare connected with each other, as shown in Fig. 8, be drawn oif at bothsides of the battery and conducted by a special shaft in the end wall ofthe battery, which is closed with a sliding damper, into the maindraft-channel, so as to enrich the furnacegases. \Vith an indirectsupply the surplus of gas is collected unused as purified gas in agas-drum and conducted from there for use in gas-motors or for use asilluminating-gas or mixed and burned with the furnace-gases.

Fig. 9 shows the ovens in connection with the different closing devicesfor the four different supplies employed. Oven I is used for directsupply with hand-charging of the fuel. In this case the arched blocks A(shown Oven II is used for direct supply with mechanical charging ofcoal. In this case the arched closing-blocks A are also used. Oven IIIis used for indirect supply with hand-charging of coal, while oven IV isused for indirect supply with mechanical' charging of coal.

In oven II the charging-shaft is closed by a plugged stone 0 in additionto the arched blocks A, as shown in Figs. 9 and 12, while in oven IIIthe closing is accomplished by solid blocks B, as shown in Figs. 9 and11, and in oven IV the closing is accomplished by blocks B, pluggedstones D, and closingstones E in the arches, as shown in Figs. 9, 11,13, and 14.

As the charging-shafts F cannot be dispensed with, it is advisable tomake them of vided with two combustion-spaces in the walls between thesame and with one intermediate air-heating space.

Figs. 3 and 4 show the arrangement of a joint combustion-space betweentwo ovens and the arrangement of the air-channels -in the binder-stonesbetween the same. The gas and air supply is produced symmetricallythrough flues a b, which are divided centrally of their length. The soleor bottom channel is not divided, but extended throughoutits wholelength and provided at its end with a slide at the point of connectionwith the main draft-channel. The doors at the ends of the ovens areraised or lowered by suitable mechanism. (Not shown.)

In the distributing-fines a is arranged a steam-supplypipewhichisconducted throughout the length of the battery and which has between twoadjacent ovens a small twyer with stop-cock. The opening of thisstop-cock for a few minutes is suflicient for removing the deposits ofsoot which are formed when strongly-sooting coal is used. Heretofore oneor more men had to be employed for opening the flues at suitable pointsfor some time and cleaning them with tools or by pouring water into thehot fines, so as to get them clear of soot. With coal that is liable tobake it is necessary to arrange in the soleplates of the ovens for thepurpose of increasing the yield of tar and ammonia a raised longitudinalchannel provided with small outlet-orifices, as shown in Fig. 15. Theobject of this arrangement is to introduce through the smalloutlet-orifices a supply of superheated steam and influence thereby theformation of gases, so as to obtain a higher yield of tar and ammonia,which has been verified by a series of tests that have been made in someof the largest gas factories. These sole-plates are not used when thecoal employed is not baking or when stress is laid more on the qual ityof the coke than on a high yield of tar and ammonia, so that in thiscase the ovens are provided with the usual sole-plates.

The diflerent accessories by which the conversion of the ovens and thegas and air flues can be adapted for the direct and indirect supply ofgas are handled in an easy and simple manner. All the parts are readilyaccessible, especially where it is necessary to introduce the supply ofmaterial or clean the parts. The gas-lines can be readily inspected bymeans of small openings in the closingstones, which openings are closedby detachable plugs, as shown in Figs. 12 and 13.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent- -1. The combination of a battery of cokeovensprovided with charging-shafts at their top parts, gas-distributing.flues connected by lateral channels with said shafts, returngas fluesbelow the upper fiues, connectingchannels between the gas distributingand return flues, vertical combustion-fines in the partition-walls ofthe ovens, sole-channels below the ovens connected withth'ewcombustion-flues, and air-supply pipes connecting with openings inthe upper ends of the combustion flues, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of a battery of cokeovens, charging-shaftsat the topparts of the same, gas-distributin g channels between saidcharging-shafts, lateral channels between the shafts anddistributing-channels, gas-return channels below thedistributing-channels and connected therewith, vertical combustionfiuesin the partition-walls of the ovens,twyers between the return-gaschannels and combustion-fines, air-supply pipes terminating in the upperpart of the combustion-fines, and sole-channels below the ovensconnected with the combustion-fines, substantially as set forth. 4

3. The combination of a battery of cokeovens, air-channels located inthe foundation of the same, intermediate channels located between thesole-channels and'the crown-0f the air-channels, channels connecting theairchannels with said intermediate channels, combustion-fines in thepartition-walls between the ovens, gas-distributing and returngas linesabove said combustion-fines and connected therewith, air-supply pipesterminating in openings at the upper parts of'said combustion-fines, andconnected with the intermediate channels, and a sole-channel connectedwith the lower ends of the combustionfiues, substantially as set forth.v

. 4. The combination of a battery of cokeovens, charging-shaftsconnected'with thetop parts of the same, closing-covers for the upperends of said shafts, gas-distributing blocks in said channels,substantially as set forth.

5. The combination of a battery of cokeovens, charging-shafts connectedwith the top parts of the same, closing-covers for the upper ends ofsaid shafts, gas-distributing fines between said shafts, lateralchannels connecting said flues with the shafts, and arched blocks insaid channels, substantially as set forth. V

'6. The combination of a battery of coke ovens, charging-shaftsconnected with the. top parts of the same, closing-covers for the upperends of said shafts, gas-distributing lines between said shafts, lateralchannels connecting said flues with the shafts, blocks in said lateralchannels, and closing-stones between said blocks, substantially as setforth. a

7. The combination of a battery of cokeovens, charging-shafts connectedwith the top parts of the same, closing-covers for the upper ends ofsaid shafts, gas-distributing flues between said shafts, lateralchannels connecting said fines with the shafts, arched blocks in saidlateral channels, and plugged closing-stones between said blocks,substan tially as set forth.

8. The combination of a battery of cokeovens, charging-shafts connectedwith the top parts of the same, closing-covers for the upper ends ofsaid shafts, gas-d stributing flues between said shafts,.lateralchannels connecting said flues with the shafts, blocks in said lateralchannels, closing-stones between said blocks, and closing-stones in thecrowns of the ovens,- substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed myname inpres ence of two subscribing Witnesses.

' THEODOR VON BAUER.- Witnesses:

WOLDEMAR HAUPT, HENRY HnsPER.

